Indented paperboard article



Sept. 6, 193.8. G. E. BQMBERGER 2,129,488 INDENTED PAPERBORD ARTICLE Filed March so, '1934 2 sheets-sheet 1 is?, (e clay] Op INVENTOR. Gfocf .E 50M/35,1265?.

ATTORNEY.;

Sept.'6, 1938. G. E. BoMBl-:RGl-:R l2,129,488

l INDENTED PAPERBOARD ARTICLE Filed Mar-ch so, 1954- 2 sheets-sheet 2 INVENTOR. l G60/eef f. 5on5/:765

ATTORNEYS.

Patented Sept. 6, 1938 I PATENT OFFICE INDENTED PAPERBOARD ARTICLE George E. Bomber'ger, Indianapolis, Ind., assignor to Inland Container Corporation, Indianapolis,

Ind., a corporation Application man so, 1934, serai No. 118,104 1s claims. (cl. zza-3.5)

This invention relates to a paper board and a container therefrom.

Heretofore in the industry in the making of nbre board boxes; as distinguished from cards board boxes, the boxes have been made usually from the single sheet of nber board that is suitably scored', slotted or slitted, and then bent and secured suitably for shipment in the nat for setting up by the purchaser of the boxes,v who uses boxes as a container for various articles of merchandise and particularly for the shipment of canned goods and certain fragile articles. This board in the past has been either of one or two kinds-either a so-called solid nbre or pasted ply board or a ycorrugated board.

` The soi-,called pasted ply or solid nbre board consists of an inside and outside liner or ply of fairly good paper-that is. one having fairly good bending qualities and which has a reasonable Mullen and tear test. The intermediate portion consists of a solid sheet of a chip character that is run through a silicate bath and then the liners are applied, resulting in the solid nbre board which is then cut to length or size to form sheets 26 which are subsequently scored, slotted and slitted to form the box blank or which blanks are formed directly from the sheet as it is manufactured in a so-called continuous production process.

The railroad classifications specify that in addi- 30 tion to the Mullen test requirement, which is a popf test, that this solid nbre board be run to certain minimum thicknesses, depending upon the Mullen test and certain other requirements.

This is to insure sunicient strength in the entire- The present invention, thereore, is

totheformation ofvaeontainer'in substantially thesamemannerssisnoweonventionallyem- 5o played but having certain novel features which maybebrienyssfolion:

when the' intermediate portion of thehoard, herelnaftertobesetforthmorefullmisutilized andisofthespecinccharactersetforthasin- 55 dented, there results a board which has silb- `stantially uniform resistance in all directions as distinguished from one direction lresistance oi the corrugated board. There also results a saving in this respect,that in this indented portion of the ultimate board, if formed from premade 5 board which consists of a nat sheet of finished paper, the area of the nnished indented board is substantially equal to the area of the initial smooth board or nnished sheet utilized, which,

as will be most obvious, is not the case when a l 1o corrugated board is employed for the reason that the act of corrugating results in the corrugated sheet with respect to its overall length in the direction of the corrugating, being approximately two-thirds or thereabouts of the initial board or l5 sheet utilized. As set forth in the co-pending application, Serial No. 694,782, nled October 23. 1933, so-called dry indenting or indenting of nat nnished board is disclosed.

The so-called wet-process of indenting pro- 20 duces a board which is subject to the objections mentioned in said copending application. However, certain phases of the present invention are not restricted to the formation of the indented board by the process set' forth and claimed in the 25 co-pending application last mentioned, but apply as well to the use of indented board formed .by the so-called wet-process described therein.

The advantage of using dry indented board is that relatively deep indentations can be formed in 80 the board and that the intermediate portion between the liners may be built up of one or more plies of this indented board sunicient to provide the desired thickness in the board so that the desired thickness can be obtained for the various container requirements. In other words, there results a board of substantially the same thickness and strength as the solid nbre board and as distinguished from the corrugated board utilizes but approximately two-thirds in area of the orig- 4o inally intermediate layer forming nat sheet material and also provides uniform stress accommodation in all directions. This results'in a very material decrease in weight in both compensons, which results obviously in a. material reductioninthecostofproductionbyreasonof reduction m eostof raw material andsecondly, in the redr-retionin tion charges which are based upon weight.

Anotherobiect oftheinventionistoproridea no container, if and when desired, with an interior liner which. is oi an indented character, The purchaser, if he intends to ship canned goods, can utilize thiseontainer with reasonable assurance that it any deformation in shipment occurs in the container, it will not permit the several cans in the box to have very much freedom. This freedom is highly objectionable because if a corrugated board box is employed, the corrugations, as stated, may be crushed more readily in a direction transverse to the direction of strength. 'Ihis crushing provides considerable additional room in the container so that the cans can move to and fro during shipment, resulting in damage to the cans, resulting in leakers, as well as damageto the labels. With a'. solid ply board box, the cans rub against each other and any deformation from the exterior will be immediately transmitted to the can immediately adjacent the interior. Furthermore, the cans, since the board is smooth, rub one against the other, resulting in displacement or rubbing of the label. Pyramiding of cans also brings unusual strains or stresses against the end and side walls which are most effectively accommodated by the present invention and not soeiectively accommodated by smooth lined or corrugated board containers.

The present invention by providing anindented liner for a container does two things. First, it provides a cushion which will absorb external forces applied to the carton or container, and second, and more important, the interior liner will nest, or lock, as it were, the chimes of the cans so that if there are t'wo layers of cans, the bottom will nest the lower chimes of the lower layer and the top will nest the upper chimes of the upper layer, thereby holding the cans against displacement or movement in the container. If more than one layer is to be packed, thin spacing boards may be utilized which could have indentations upon one or both sides and thus the adjacent chimes of the adjacent superposed cans would also be nested by said indented board.

The present invention, therefore, is directed to tWo phases-rst, a paper board container having an indented inner lining and second, a paper board container having an indented intermediate ply portion of the desired thickness. It will also be obvious that a container embodying both features last mentioned may be employed, if and when desired, and it Will also be obvious that if and when desired, instead of the container having a smooth exterior, it may, instead be provided with an indented exterior so that the adjacent cartons in shipment will more or less interlock together and prevent their relative weaving, shifting, or side-to-side movement and will alsoprovide additional cushioning.

A similar "locking advantage of an inner indented lined container is provided for glassware and other products of a fragile nature. The usual partitions inthe present instance, as well as the 4 articles, are locked in ideal position against displacement by the indented inner liner of the top and bottom .of containers, also cushioned against side and end wall shocks and the indented partitions maintain the ideal original arrangement and formation of contents.

''he full nature of the invention will be understood from the accompanying drawings and the following description and claims:-

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a' central sectional view of a plurality of superpo'sed containers, each containing a plurality of layers of cans and having an indented exterior, an indented interior and indented spacer.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged transverse sectional view of a corrugated board provided with single indented and smooth liners.

tions adapted to accommodate the stress.

board having a smooth liner, a double indented intermediate portion and a single indented exposed liner.

Fig. 4 is a similar view of a board wherein an intermediate iiat ply is interposed between the` double indented intermediate portion and the single indented exposed liner.

l Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 with the addition of a flat ply between the corrugated board portion and the single indented liner.

Fig. 6 is a similar view of an indented board showing single indented liners upon both sides of a corrugated intermediate portion and with smooth plies interposed therebetween.

Fig. 7 is a similar view of a multiply indented board, wherein the two exposed liners are of single indented character and the intermediate portion is a double indented ply with two smooth intermediate plies.

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. '7 but illustrates the employment of a plurality of double indented sheets to comprise the intermediate portion between two exposed indented liners, although the smooth pliesy are omitted. f

Fig. 9, is an enlarged central sectional view through one end of a can and the associated board, showing the chime interlocking with the indentation or embossment.

Figs. l0 to 16, inclusive, are Views similar to Fig. 1 with parts broken away, the container in each ligure including the board illustrated in Figs. 2 to 8, inclusive, respectively.

Railroad specifications covering shipping containers specify that some of the so-called solid bre containers for a certain dimension limit and gross weight limit be built with board .060 in thickness and withstand lbs. Mullen test, and that a container of a similar character for larger dimension limits and higher weight limits be made of board with a caliper or thickness of .080" and withstand 200 lbs. Mullen test. By using materials having a higher Mullen or tear test per point of caliper than is usually found in solid bre board, there can be produced by this invention a board for shipping .containers having a caliper or thickness equal to the two above-mentioned calipers, or any other given caliper, that will obtain an equal Mullen test and equal carrying capacity, with considerably less weight of board and, consequently, at a-lower cost of material.

Now this dual advantage is not so pronounced with respect to the present invention when compared with corrugated board. `lAs compared with corrugated board, as hereinbefore set forth, the

advantage consists in providing a board that isl uniformly and equally in two transverse direc- Furthermore, the mere act of corrugating necessitates the use of approximately one-half more material than is necessary to produce the same intermediate ply, or plies, when formed of indented board and of substantially the same thickness.

In the drawings, I0 indicates a side wall, II

wtainer is indented as at I8. 'Ihis form of board an end wall, I2 a conventional bottom and I3 Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, illustrating is illustrated more particularly in either Figs. 6, 'f

'I or 8, to which reference will-be had more fully hereinafter.

As hereinbefore set forth, it requires to make.

a corrugated sheet 12" in length an`d of uniform width, a fiat sheet of approximately 18" in length and of the same width. There is thus a shrinkage, as it were, of approximately thirty-three percent.

As setforth in the co-pending application a flat sheet 12" in length and of the desired width, will produce an indented-sheet 12" in length and 'of the same width, thereby effecting a saving of 'nest in the indented interior or liner and thus prevent displacement of the can in the carton. Likewise, the exterior liner I8 permits adjacent containers to relatively interlock one with the other and prevents relative displacement therebetween. All of this is an advantage in the shipment of canned goods, since it prevents undue wear on the labels of the cans and also reducesA to a minimum what is known as leakers. As before set forth, a board of this character, when subjected to external strains or stresses, crushes in a localized portion and the same is .absorbed in the board and is not transmitted to the 'cans in the container, as. obtains with the'solid board container.

'I'he present container also has the advantage the corrugated container has, that it is of lighter weight than the solid board for an equal strength and volume.

In Figs. 2 to 9 various forms of this board are illustrated. In Fig. 2, 20 illustrates a at liner forming the exterior of a smooth container. The intermediate layer is illustrated as one ply of Vcorrugated board 2| and a third layer is the single This ply forms the indented layer or'ply 22.

.interior of the box. By the wordsindented board is meant board which is either embossed on one side or embossed on both sides vand includes said embossments or indentations.

In Fig. 3 there v'is illustrated a iiat liner 30, a` d'duble indented intermediate ply 3| and a single indented exposed ply 32. This distinguishesI from the form shown in Fig.2 by the substitution of an indented intermediate portion. i

In Fig. li there is illustrated another form of board, wherein 40 indicates la at'- liner, 4l a double indented intermediate ply, 42 a at liner and 43 a single indented exposed liner.

In Fig. 5, 58 indicatesa fiat liner, 5l a corrugated intermediate ply, 52 a at sheet and 53 a single indented ply.

In'Fig. 6", there'is illustrated theboard having@ an outer indented ply ,60, an intermediate corfrugated portion 6I, both suitably secured to a'.v at liner 62, and another indented liner B3 separated from/Jand secured to an intermediate liner` 64'. Either one or both of the flat liners 62 and 64 may be omitted. v

In the formof the'invention shown in Fig. '7, 'lll indicates the indented exterior liner', 12 the indented interior liner, 1I an intermediate fiat yapplied to Fig. 8. 1 s

In Fig. 8 there is shown a slightly modined form ofthe invention, wherein 88 represents the in/ dented exterior liner, 82 the indented interior liner, and 83 and 84 double indented plies that are suitably secured together andv secured to the 5 single indented liners. O

In leach'form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 2 to 8 inclusive, it is to be noted there is provided one exposed face of an indented character and in the forms of the invention illustrated l0 in Figs. 6 to 8, inclusive, there is illustrated a board having two exposed indented faces. Whenever desired, additional indented liners may be nestingly associated as well.

Figs. 10 to 16, inclusive, illustrate the board 16 shown in Figs. 2 to 8, inclusive, respectively, in container or carton formation with two tiers of cans in the carton.

In Fig. 10, numerals of the two hundred series indicate parts similarly numbered in Fig. 1 for 20 the carton and cans and similar portions of the board arranged in carton formation bear numerals of the two hundred` series similar to the numerals applied to similar portions of the board applied to Fig. 2. 25

In Fig. 11, numerals of the three hundred series indicate parts similarly numbered in Fig. 1 for the carton and cans and similar portions of the board arranged in carton formation bear numerals of the three hundred seriesA similar to the 30- I board arranged in carton formation bear numerals of the five hundred series similar to the numerals applied to similar portions ofthe board 45 applied to Fig. 5.

In Fig. 14 numerals of the six hundred series indicate parts similarly numbered in Fig. 1 for the carton and cans and similar portions .of the board arranged in carton formation bear numer- 50 als ofthe six hundred series similar to the numerals applied to similar portions of the board applied to Fig. 6. y

In Fig. 15 numerals of the seven hundred series indicate parts similarly numbered in Fig. l1 for 55 the carton and cans and similar portions .of the board arranged in carton formation bear .numer-, als of the seven hundred series similar to the numerals applied tosimilar portions of the board applied to'Flg. 7. i Y 60 In Fig. 16 numerals of the eight hundred series. indicate parts'similarly numbered in Fig. 1v for the lcarton and cans and similar portions of the board arranged in carton formation bear numerals of .theeightl hundred series similar tov thevnu- 6.511

merals applied to`.similarportions of the board 'In each of the forms of itheinvention shown .l in Figs. 10 to 16, inclusive, the. inner liner is'of indented character andthe functional feature thereof has been heretofore set forth with reference to the form of the invention shownin'Fig. 1.; The forms of the invention shown in Figs. 10

to 13, inclusive, differ from the form of the invention shown in Fig. 1 in that the outside of the -75 carton is of smooth iinish, whereas the forms of the invention shown in Figs. 14 to 16, inclusive, diifer therefrom and are similar to the form of, theinvention shown'in Fig. 1 in that the outside surface is of roughened or indented character.

While it will be obvious that various forms of the invention may be built up comprising flat sheets, an intermediate cushion layer, andone or more exposed indented layers, and the intermediate cushion layer may be of single and/or double indented character or of corrugated character, and that in certain instances the flat sheet liner, ply, or plies, may be omitted, or more than one ply of indented inner or outer liners may be used, all of these variations, however, are considered to be within the broad scope of this inven-` tion, reference being had to the appended claims. It is to be understood the several illustrations herein before specifically mentioned, are merely illustrative in character and are not restrictive in character.

The terminology unit weight and unit strength used in the claims refers to the actual weight in pounds or ounces per unit'of area usually selected for test purposes and the actual strength per similar unit fof area as used in the paper board industry.

The invention claimed is:- 1. A paper board container including side and end walls and a top and a bottom, all formed from paper board material in sheet form incl11d: Aing an exterior smooth liner and an innermost indented liner having indentations substantially throughout the entire area thereof, each indentation being materially less in area than the cross-sectional area of a chime-ended can in the container, and spaced apart sufficiently to nest a portion of the chime therebetween, the indentations of the innermost indented liner being adapted tov engage adjacent chime ends of a plurality of adjacent cans to lock said cans against displacement when packaged in said container irrespective of the indentation outline.

2. A paper board container including side and end walls and a. top ,and a bottom, all formed from paper board material in sheet form including an exterior smooth liner, an intermediate corrugated portion, and an innermost indented liner having indentations substantially throughout the entire area thereof, each indentation being materially less in areathan the cross-sectional area of a chime-ended can in the container, and spaced apart sufficiently to nesl't a portion of the chime therebetween, the indentations of the innermost indented liner being adapted to engage adiacent chime ends ofy a plurality of adjacent cans to lock said cans against displacement when packaged in said container irrespective of the indentation outline. l

. 43. A paper board container having board therein with a. unit strength at least equal to that of a solid bre paper board container wherein the solid fibre board is substantially of equal thickness, comprising paper board material in sheet form arranged in container formation and including an outer smooth liner or ply, an inner indented liner or ply, and an intermediate unitary-non-ilat, non-solid ply portion secured to both liners'and forming therewith a paperboard of lmaterially less unit weight than the unit weight ofsolid i'lbre board having substantially the same thickness.

4. A device as dened by claim 3, characterized vby the intermediate non-flat, non-solid ply portion comprising an indented sheet, the indentaa sheet of finished paper board stock substan tially equal ln area to the indented sheet.

5. A device as deiined by claim 1, characterized by the sheet of paper board having an outermost and exposed indented liner secured to the smooth liner.

6. A device as dened by claim 2. characterized by the sheet of .paper boardhaving an outermost and exposed indented liner secured to the smooth liner. '7. A device as deiined by claim 1, characterized by the addition of a non-ilat liner between the smooth liner and the inside indented liner.'

8. A device as dened by claim 1, characterized by the addition of indented material between the indented liner and smooth liner.

9. A device as'dened by claim 1, characterized by the sheet of paper board having an outermost and exposed indented liner secured to the smooth liner and by the further addition of a non-iiat layer between the smooth liner and the inside indented liner.

10. A de'vice as dened by claim 1, characterized by the sheet of paper board having an outermost and exposed indented liner secured to the smooth liner and by the further Aaddition ofI in- -dented material between the indented liner and the smooth liner.

11. A paper board container, including side and end. walls an'd a top and a bottom all formed from substantially throughout the area thereof, each,

indentation being materially less in area than the cross-sectional area of a chime-ended can in the container' and spacedapart suihciently to nest a portion of the chime therebetween, said indented portion being adapted to engage adjacent chime ends of a plurality of adjacent cans to lock said cans against displacement whenpackaged in said container irrespective of the indentation outline.

12. A device as deilned by claim 11, characterized by the intermediate, non-flat layer being'of corrugated character.

13. A device as dened by claim 11, characterized by the intermediate layer being i' double indented character.

14. A device as defined by claim 11, characterized by the intermediate layer including a plurality of indented layers.

15. A device as deiined by claim 11, characterized by the intermediate, non-ilat layer being of corrugated character, and the addition of anat K liner interposedv between th`e intermediate corru- A sistant to transverse crushing at the edge than a corrugated board container at the edge parallel to the corrugation, comprising a sheet of paper .board stock arrangedV in container formation and including an outer liner, an inner'liner, and an intermediate non-flat, non-solid unitary ply portion secured to both liners and of indented charac'ter insuring uniform resistance to localized crushing in substantially all directions, said inter- 'l5 mediate ply portion including a plurality of indented plies operatively secured together.

18. A paper board container normallymore resistant to transverse crushing at the edge than a corrugated board container at the edge parallel to the-corrugation, comprising a sheet of vpaper board stock arranged in container formation and including an outer liner, an inner liner, and an intermediate non-flat, non-solid unitary ply portion secured to`bothliners and of indented character insuring uniform resistance to localized crushing in substantially all directions, said intermediate ply portion including a plurality of indented plies, and one of said liners being of in dented character, the indented intermediate plies being secured together.

19. A paper board container normally more resistant to transverse crushing at the edge than a corrugated board container at the edge parallel to the corrugation. comprising a sheet of paper board stock arranged in container formation and including 'an outer liner, an inner liner, and an intermediate non-nat, non-solid unitary ply portion secured to both liners and of indented character insuring uniform resistance to localized crushing in substantially all directions, said intermediate ply portion including a plurality of indented plies, and said liners each being of indented character, the indented intermediate plies being secured together.

GEORGE E; BOMBERGER. 

